Analysis Of James Joyce s Portrait Of An Artist As A...

Hagerty 1 John Hagerty Ms. Brillante Honors English 12 April 10, 2016 Organized Religion: an Impediment to Human Fulfillment In Catholicism, religious beliefs are determined by the sacred scripture and tradition. These beliefs offer a comprehensive and definitive explanation of the nature of God. James Joyce s Portrait of An Artist as a Young Man is a narration of the transition from childhood to adulthood of the protagonist, Stephen Dedalus, who grows up in a Catholic society and family life in Ireland. Because of the nature of his church s role in his life, Stephen faces internal conflict regarding his own thoughts and beliefs about the nature of God. After many trials and tribulations with his faith life, Stephen realizes that the church s unequivocal teachings and beliefs actually hinder his ability to find answers to metaphysical questions that arise in his life. Stephen s religious struggles display how organized religion impedes an individual s ability to find one s own identity and purpose, subsequently contradicting God s purpose for humanity. In his early childhood, Stephen proactively seeks out his own meaning and identity; however, as he gets older and is exposed to organized religion, his ability to consider his own true meaning is hindered. Before being engulfed by the pressures of religious life, Stephen lives with a youthful optimism and curiosity. He actively tries to find out what the purpose of his life will be. This is evident when he sitsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of James Joyce s A Portrait Of An Artist As A Young Man Essay2057 Words   |  9 PagesJames Joyce and H.G. Wells had different styles of writing and relied on different forms of narration. H.G. Wells was direct and focused on the external environment or situation. He did not give much insight on the thoughts or internal struggle of his characters, while James Joyce did. Joyce supplied his characters with a greater level of internal comprehension than Wells did and was able to provide more human like characters. This difference is especially seen in H.G Well’s Tono-Bungay and JamesRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s Portrait Of The Artist As A Young Man2299 Words   |  10 Pagescontrol by the Catholic Church provided structure and stability in their lives, for others it was a source of major struggle and inner conflict. James Joyce found the Catholic Church’s power to be both overwhelming and repressive. In his Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, we see his inner struggle portrayed through the main character Stephen Dedalus. Like Joyce, Stephen struggles throughout his childhood and adolescence with the rigidity and severity of the Catholic Church. Initially, Stephen blindlyRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s A Portrait Of An Artist As A Young Man Essay1953 Words   |  8 PagesJames Joyce and H.G. Welles had different styles of writing and relied on different forms of narration. H.G. Wells was direct and focused on the external environment or situation. He did not give much insight on the thoughts or internal struggle of his characters, while James Joyce did. Joyce supplied his characters with a greater level of internal comprehension than Wells did and was able to provide more human like characters. This difference is especially seen in H.G Well’s Tono-Bungay and JamesRead More The Key Elements of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Essay1853 Words   |  8 PagesKey Elements of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   James Joyces A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man provides an introspective exploration of an Irish Catholic upbringing. To provide the reader with a proper interpretation, Joyce permeates the story with vivid imagery and a variety of linguistic devices. This paper will provide an in-depth of analysis of the work by examining its key elements. The central theme of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is Stephen DedalusRead MoreSmugging in the Square: Homosexuality as a Literary Device in James Joyces A Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man.3689 Words   |  15 PagesWhat can be said of the menacing literary masterpiece that is A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is that the gender issues Joyce so surreptitiously weaves into Stephan Dedalus’s character create sizable obstacles for the reader to overcome. Joyce expertly composes a feminine backdrop in which he can mold Stephan to inexplicably become innately homosexual. As Laurie Teal points out â€Å"†¦ Joyce plays with gender inversion as a uniquely powerful tool of characterization.†(63) Stephan’s constant conflictRead More Paralysis in Dubliners Essay2290 Words   |  10 PagesIn his letters, Joyce himself has said that Dubliners was meant â€Å"to betray the soul of that hemiplegia or paralysis which many consider a city† (55). The paralysis he was talking about is the paralysis of action. The characters in Dubliners exemplify paralysis of action in their inability to escape their lives. In another of Joyce’s writings, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Joyce writes of Ireland: â€Å"When the soul of a man is born in this country there are nets flung at it to holdRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pagesnovel is sometimes used interchangeably with Bildungsroman, but its use is usually wider and less technical. The birth of the Bildungsroman is normally dated to the publication of Wilhelm Meister s Apprenticeship by Johann Wolfgang Goethe in 1795–96,[8] or, sometimes, to Christoph Martin Wieland s Geschichte des Agathon of 1767.[9] Although the Bildungsroman arose in Germany, it has had extensive influence first in Europe and later throughout the world. Thomas Carlyle translated Goethe’s novelRead MoreEssay on Georg Lukacs, quot;the Ideology of Modernismquot;7555 Words   |  31 PagesUnion. In order to champion realism, and specifically an ideologically charged realism, as the only good way to write, Lukacs had to set himself in opposition to the literary movement that had superseded realism in the West, modernism (writers like James Joyce, William Faulkner, Robert Musil, and so on). This essay is his attempt to distinguish the two absolutely, in favor of course of realism. Basically, for Lukacs (and for the Soviet Union), modernism is the last desperate cry of a dying economicRead MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 PagesMarx’s economic theories as such: we shall confine our discussion to their methodological premises and implications. It will in any case be obvious to the reader that the present writer upholds the validity of their content. Secondly, a detailed analysis of Rosa Luxemburg’s thought is necessary because its seminal discoveries no less than its errors have had a decisive influence on the theories of Marxists outside Russia, above all in Germany. To some extent this influence persists to this day. ForRead MorePlace8569 Words   |  35 PagesThey looked so beautiful for me (in their old age and single blessedness), and the kitchen smelled like fresh flowers. The other kitchen I can remember is the kitchen of my grandmother in a far remote place, along the Pacific Ocean. My grandmother s kitchen is a big kitchen built of wood. Imagine how old houses looked. There was firewood, big cooking utensils, as if they re always serving 100 people everyday. There were sacks of rice piled on top of the other. Chickens were roaming in the backyard

Thomas Hobbes And John Locke - 1136 Words

Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were both political theorist’s that theorized the way a political society should be. Hobbes was the precursor of modern totalitarianism, and Locke was the precursor for classical liberalism. While both theorist’s shared similar views of justice, they also had disagreements of others. For Hobbes, justice is purely the creation of sovereign, while Locke views justice as setting the limits and providing the direction for civic justice. Lock has the better view for a just society because he prefers a classical liberalism aspect, valuing the freedom of individuals. Hobbes’ political view is that of a modern totalitarianism society. In his work â€Å"On the Citizen†, he tries to understand what is missing from the state of nature. The state of nature for Hobbes is â€Å"solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short†, (Hobbes, Chapter 1 pg. 4) as it is a war of all against all. This is a major weakness. Having a society were everyo ne is fighting and there is a single absolute power does not sound like a just society. For Hobbes, man is not a social creature and society could not exist except by the power of the state. â€Å"The greatest part of those men who have written ought concerning Commonwealths, either suppose, or require us, or beg of us to believe, That Man is a Creature born fit for Society: The Greeks call him Zoon politikon, and on this foundation they so build up the Doctrine of Civil Society†. (Hobbes, Chapter 1 pg. 1) Hobbes wants to instill the fear ofShow MoreRelatedJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes886 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscuss the differences in political theories expressed by both John Locke and Thomas Hobbes. In, Leviathan, by Thomas Hobbes, and in, The Second Treatise of Government, by John Locke different theories of political legitimacy and definitions of the state of nature are described. The following paragraphs analyze multiple different points that are imperative to understa nding these political theories. In the reading, Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes discusses what human existence is in the state of nature andRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke911 Words   |  4 Pagessocial contract theory, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke established many of the founding ideals that contemporary Liberalism is based on. While the shared many similar positions, there are some key distinctions to be made between the arguments Hobbes and Locke make in Leviathan and Second Treatise of Civil Government, respectively. In this paper I will argue the differences between how each of them viewed the right of the subjects to revolt from the sovereign. Thomas Hobbes published his most famousRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke Essay1441 Words   |  6 PagesEifling-Question 4 Hobbes and Locke During and after the English Revolution, a few philosophers expressed different views on their philosophical outlook and life experiences. Some of the most outstanding thinkers include Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. They had opposing views on governance matters, but the two, also, had striking similarities. In addition, the two represented an increasingly modernized European population that despised absolute kingship. Both Hobbes and Locke proposed a conceptionRead MoreJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes1287 Words   |  6 Pagesknow how to balance and consider the nature of humankind and their rights. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes were both political philosophers who developed theories about how the government should work. They set up their theories around The Natural Law and the Social Contract Theory. Although John Locke and Thomas Hobbes had a similar goal, their beliefs and opinions were definitely not the same. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes both believed in the Natural Law and the Social Contract Theory. They both developedRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1346 Words   |  6 PagesContracts Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were two English political philosophers, who have had a lasting impact on modern political science. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke both spent much of their lives attempting to identify the best form of government. Locke and Hobbes were among the most prominent of theorists when it came to social contract and human rights. A Social Contract is an agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, are the twoRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke928 Words   |  4 Pagesthere is no formed society, government, laws, safety, etc. both Thomas Hobbes and John Locke take this into perspective while introducing a political view. As illustrated by Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels, they proposed political views on how human nature can prosper. Initially, Thomas Hobbes introduces a concept on the state of nature and its effects as well as how peace can be achieved. In Leviathan, Hobbes defines what living in a state of nature would be like and theRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke888 Words   |  4 Pagesare very similar but diverge in the moments that solidify their stance on their opinion. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke is both political scientist who have made strides in the area of social contracts and share being natural law theorist also. Locke and all other natural law theorists assumed that man was by nature a social animal and there fore struck contracts with each other to secure safety among them. Hobbes assumed differently, thus his verdicts are very different from other natural law theoristsRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1494 Words   |  6 Pages1) Thomas Hobbes and John Locke share the basic assumption that a theory based off of abstract individualism, consent, sovereignty and reason will produce a peaceful and productive society. This theory is the liberal political theory, which is the philosophy of individual rights and a limited government. Both Hobbes and Locke both center the majority of their ideas off of how people’s lives should be based off of nature rights instead of natural law. This being said, people are also subject to theRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1426 Words   |  6 PagesBy the second half of the 17th Century, England would experience one of the bloodiest conflicts in its history, ultimately serving to influence some of the most phenomenal political philosophers in Europe --Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke. England was in constant unrest, choosing new forms of government almost on a whim in desperate attempts to restore order in the Country. The English Civil War in 1642 etched a legacy of drea d in the people of England, and the war only appeared more disastrous andRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1659 Words   |  7 Pagesmajority. The following pages show how modern social contract theory especially that of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, grew into the divisive issue it is in contemporary political philosophy. Modern social contract theory can trace its roots to prominent thinkers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. It is their thoughts on social contracts that lie at the center of the many spheres we are a part of. For Hobbes and Locke, social contract theory sought to analyze the relationship between rulers and the ruled

Donald Pierce in Between Mouthfuls Essay Example For Students

Donald Pierce in Between Mouthfuls Essay Both plays are styled naturalistically, even more so than most plays; for example, Ayckbourn uses the unique idea of the audience taking on the role of the waiters earshot, and only hearing what hes hearing in Between Mouthfuls. The genre of both plays is comedy, but the comedy in both emerges from rather dark situations, such as marriages falling apart and peoples sanity or happiness crumbling into dust. In Just Between Ourselves, Veras clearly serious mental illness is laughed at by my character, prompting hilarity from the point of view of the audience. My character is not only hugely insensitive to his wifes feelings, but also seemingly oblivious to the severity of her condition. He continues to bully her in this way relentlessly throughout the play. Also, Neil is consistently belching, even though his indigestion seems to be more obviously a potentially life-threatening symptom. But instead of the normal worried reactions youd expect from the people around him, all the others are amused or irritated, completely unaware of the dangerous state of health he could be in. Although nowhere near as dark as our play, Between Mouthfuls also touches on some serious issues, with the comedy coming from the irony that there has been adultery between the two couples, and the first person to pick up on this is the waiter who simply acts entirely normally and professionally as though he hasnt heard a thing. Also, his random little interjections such as potted shrimps sir? put the whole scene into context, and makes the audience wonder to themselves whether or not this is a situation that really does occur in real life to the extent that waiters are simply used to it! The play features very well observed little flickers of dialogue from the couples too, such as the irritation of Donald Pierce as his wife forces him to read out the entire menu before she admits she was never really listening in the first place. Despite all these highly amusing factors, the play manages to highlight some of the great truths about marital relationships. A key point that struck me was the structure of both plays in both cases; Ayckbourn uses some very interesting and unusual devices. In both cases, Ayckbourn uses some very interesting and unusual devices. In Between Mouthfuls he continuously cuts between the two very different conversations of the two couples. Sometimes, the switch between conversations can be ironically clever, from which lots of comedy can stem. In Just Between Ourselves, each scene is set on the birthday of one of the characters, demonstrating how in the non-stop boring lives of Dennis and those around him, life only gets interesting when theyre celebrating a birthday. The writing of the play is incredibly original, with Ayckbourn picking up tremendously accurately the small flickers of small-talk and dull conversation that is the true way people talk he is able to make the conversations sound real, unlike many scripted pieces Ive seen in the past which have just not sounded realistic. As mentioned before, both plays touch on some very serious themes and issues, in particular that of marriage and how ill-matched couples can fall apart so easily. In Denniss case, he is so self-obsessed and solipsistic, living in his own little world; that he doesnt even notice that his wife is completely losing her mind. In the case of Donald Pierce in Between Mouthfuls, he commits adultery foolishly behind his watchful and suspicious wifes back, which results in a violent public outburst from her. .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 , .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 .postImageUrl , .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 , .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687:hover , .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687:visited , .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687:active { border:0!important; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687:active , .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687 .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua95e9e8ffa4b764e7a60ceef108c4687:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The 1930s in Of Mice and Men EssayAlso significant is the way the plays are titled: Just Between Ourselves suggests that Ayckbourn is exploring a private and secret world, behind closed doors; looking into the pain and suffering of apparently ordinary middle-class suburban couples. Between Mouthfuls suggests he is exploring everyday life, but looking into the nooks and crannies of what is a normal situation; what really goes on in those everyday places? It shows that in a public meeting, like a restaurant, couples can no longer hide behind a TV set or a newspaper, but have to face each other and confront the truth between mouthfuls.  By comparing these two plays, I have learnt about how Ayckbourn creates comic drama out of the lives of ordinary couples, and explores the plain beneath the apparently tranquil facade of suburban middle class life.

Moral and Social Impact of Unjust Incarceration among African-American Men Essay Example

Moral and Social Impact of Unjust Incarceration among African-American Men Essay Racism is an edifice like an opera house or a church that humans built as it protects particular cultural principles, demonstrating and sustaining them for the generations by means of morally charged dramas (Miles and Brown 3). The subsistence of racism wants us to see and accept it as an institution that is like a permanent fixture of our cultural landscape as a rock-solid inheritance rather than a comparatively recent and jury-rigged conception more over the truth is that racism is subjected to our own power to act, like all cultural institutions that was made by human beings, we can knock down the walls to clear the way for something fresh.When the United States aims for more territory to display its power and existence, Native Americans were constrained to leave their lands, some were massacred to make room for white settlers thus slavery was born and slaves were utilized to support the economic expansion of the agrarian beyond possible circumstances, missing the decent living co nditions for farm laborers, slave-owners and their elected representatives (Thorton 136).Protecting the Unprotected: Standing Out of NowhereIn contemporary years, policy attention regarding the crisis of the African American male has paid heed on a variety of areas in which African American males have gone through unreasonably from social tribulations and these have included education, housing, employment, and health care, among others (Conrad 144). African Americans have been also affected in two significant areas which regard the realm of crime and the criminal justice system. First, African Americans are more probably persecuted by crime than of other groups therefore creating a set of individual and community problems which hold back upon other areas of productive activity (Hakutani and Butler 54). Second, the gripping rates at which African American males have been involved in criminal or social offenses thus creating a complex set of consequences which affect not only individu al victims and offenders, but families and communities as well.The unwavering protection of civil liberties is what separates the United States from totalitarian nations however unwarranted force, police brutality and deliberate disrespect for civil liberties have magnified the flaws in this democratic society (Leone and Anrig 1). The disparities in the U.S justice system are also a cause of concern revealing 49 percent of African Americans are incarcerated.   Race, in the U.S. criminal justice system, extensively affects the probability that a person will be sentenced and convicted of a crime thus it also determines the sternness of the punishment.In the milieu, we hear a calling for social and racial justice moreover its effects have been life-saving but intermittent. Years later, the modern civil rights movement defeated legalized segregation and this victory by no means restored full human rights and social equality to African Americans, but the world did not perceived it (Ver ney 11). Since then, the movement has remained motionless therefore it doesn’t achieve the significant magnitude necessary to put a stop to racisms most egregious crimes. The road to justice remains as long and as difficult as ever leading us one step forward and two steps back, as a matter of fact the last quarter-century has seen the enormous reversals that may have seemed impossible to reach the end of this road.A pattern has emerged the force of violent, radical racism abated somewhat in the ensuing years as it becomes more localized phenomenon causing waves of racist extremism wash across nations in consequence social forces have enacted setting in motion by imperial designs causing counter-waves of activism while pushing the consensus in the opposite direction (Higham 3).Numerous Native Americans and African-American living in US was prosecuted and imprisoned at a rate as many times as their presence in the population. United States is one of the richest countries in th e world, yet a huge proportion of African-American women and children with their families are living in abject poverty covering a vastly disproportionate share of the total and today, every citizen has the vote and the right of access to public but for many the quality of life is so diminished by social conditions that the wolf named â€Å"Despair† is always at the door waiting for someone to get killed (Sahpiro 37).Second Chance, Second LifeAmerica becomes colour-blind post-racist nation and racial discrimination continues to be a huge problem in the nations prison and criminal justice systems furthermore state the idea that government cant really do anything anymore lacking the strength, the legitimacy, the money, the wherewithal to carry out key objectives and it has no clear objective or assurance to provide funds for meaningful rehabilitation and re-entry services for many millions of very disproportionately black prisoners and ex-prisoners who are marked for life with a criminal record (Davis, et al 104).Large number of African-American who have been incarcerated initially feel the misery of life in their neighbourhoods and it is a common ground to demand for a second chance but the miserable truth is screaming loud that most of them are returning home to communities where they never received much in a way of their first chance (Hattery and Smith 270).It is worth reminiscing that the current president of the United States owes his existence at the seat of world power to the retaliatory and criminally profligately electoral disenfranchisement of black ex-felons in the state of Florida moreover these men serves in his armed forces as they were given the option of joining the military as their only alternative to incarceration as he prepares an unwarranted, penalizing and criminal state-imperialist attack on Iraq, in a similar vein, there is a positive outlook from most African-Americans who have joined the military as they would like their policymak ers to move away from punitive, racially disparate mass incarceration and towards pro-active treatment, rehabilitation and community-based justice and real corrections.A Glimpse of the Silver Lining: Social and Moral SupportNearly a third of African-American men will cross the threshold of state or federal prison during their lives hence countless will be lost in the criminal justice system and finish up in prison, poverty, and unemployment. Incarceration causes closure of employment avenues for ex-offenders in the public sector moreover those who are released could fail to become fully rehabilitated, and may go on to commit more crimes due to lack of job training and support programs (Hepburn 164).Breaking the law should have consequences, there is no question about that and we have to fully understand that violence is always wrong therefore justice must be fair and punishment must fit the crime in addition, the costs of crimes are at high nevertheless failing to break this cycle w ill costs America more. The judicial system seemingly jeopardize certain sentences among African-American citizens while too many young, first-time and non-violent offenders have been locked up for the better part of their lives.It is very impossible for one to nurture and support a family without a high school diploma but a criminal record instead for this reason the prospects for success are next to none.If former prisoners will be given a second chance and support from their community-based organizations they can have a meaningful life working with state and local authorities, likewise it will also promote and ensure that the re-entry programs will help make communities safer.Creating paths for ex-offenders is very crucial and this will lead them to leave the life of crime. Providing jobs, skills, and education they need to get their meaningful life back means so much not just for their selves but for America as a whole.Employment process designs with effective training and mento ring programs will help people to be at ease during transition period from their new jobs accordingly re-assessment of laws will be beneficial in relation to hiring people with a criminal record to avoid foreclosure of effective ways in bringing people out of poverty and preventing them from committing new crimes (Hunt 19).The immense multiplicity in incarcerated individuals resulted in a larger population of ex-convicts offers critical issues for U.S. public policy to address the employment and socialization dilemmas.Various systematic research projects to deal with this important public concern would be well worth the expenditure of public funds and studies shows that stable lives and sustainable employment are the keys to preventing recidivism. Ex-offenders become valuable participants in communities as they enter successfully transition out of the criminal justice system as they begin earning a living wage and contributing to tax base, instead of burdening it.As a society, we ar e in great accordance that work is better than welfare and surely then, work is better than crime and prison. The dark cloud around criminal and social justice issues in incarceration of African-American men is starting to fade a little and hope is being place to reconstruct the gap between the American government with its people.Second chance is all they need to prove that they are still a part of this nation. Let us give them the chance to prove their worth. Not all African-American men or the people behind bars committed a crime or such, some are just unlucky to catch the blows of life and fight back. Life is sometime’s unfair but let us give them a fair game, let us give them the chance to stand up and face the world again.

Rabaul Essay Response

Rabaul Essay Response Rabaul Essay Response ESSAY RESPONSE TO PRACTICE ESSAY Like many places of human settlement, the site of Rabaul (see Fig. 4) is subject to volcanic hazard. This hazard, a consequence of plate subduction processes involving the Pacific and Australian Plate (see Fig. 8) have been responsible for developing the island of New Britain in Papua New Guinea. The area has a geological history of violent eruptions where Simpson Harbour itself is an explosion crater, or caldera (see Fig. 3) and 500 people died in the 1937 eruption. As a consequence of vulcanism, humans benefit from the provision of a safe harbour as well as the potential for fertile soils to develop for farming. Whilst there are benefits gained from the volcanic activity on Rabaul, activity on the 20th September 1994 (see Fig. 10) resulted in significant social, economic and environmental upheaval. Currently, both Tavurvur and Vulcan are active and producing ash to a depth of 75 metres over the township. Appropriate mitigation by authorities must ensure that potentially dangerous hazards to people are avoided. A decision on whether to abandon or re-establish Rabaul will need to consider balancing the risk to residents with the economic and social upheavals that could result. The explosive eruption of magma, ash, gas and rocks had a significant environmental and socio-economic impact on the Rabaul area. Due to the prevailing South to Southeast winds, ash up to 75 centimetres in depth as well as poisonous gas affected the Rabaul area when Vulcan and Tavuruur erupted explosively (see Fig. 7 & 10). Whilst farmlands to the south [evidenced in the 3-D aspect sketch by Mr Raward] avoided the ash and gas due to the wind direction, had the eruption occurred between November and April, this highly acidic material may well have destroyed these farmlands. The risk of lahar and subsequent flooding is ever present if rain is added to this ash. Collapse of buildings has already occurred as a result of ash build up. The harbour also suffered sedimentation loads from the ash (see Fig. 5). This has a significant impact on the island’s capacity to trade and move its farm stock. Coupled with this impact is the possibility that further destruction of low-lying a reas could occur if tsunami activity is present. There is evidence in Figure 10 that â€Å"tidal waves† have entered the town. Although it is not clear as to what is meant by this, it may well be the flooding from sedimentation in the harbour, local rivers, or even tsunami activity from offshore tremors. Loss of viable farmland, landlessness, job loss, looting of local businesses and the cost to rebuild are just some of the socio-economic impacts of such a disaster. A decision to re-site Rabaul to the western end of New Britain minimises risk to residents but will have a significant impact socially and economically on the community. Residents will face inevitable debt, farmers and the community will have to rebuild their lives in a new place, resulting in significant economic and social stress for the people of Rabaul. International aid cannot be guaranteed so costs could become extreme. Without a protected harbour, the settlement will have limited ability to trade and move produce. Nevertheless, safety of residents can be guaranteed as this area is not volcanic. Re-establishment of damaged sections of Rabaul will result in less socio economic upheaval than a proposal to re-site. Nevertheless, residents will face a greater risk if they remain in Rabaul, as the volcano is in an active phase. A proposal to re-establish is socially sustainable given that it contains safe guards including interest free loans and

Environmental Health and Safety

Environmental Health and Safety Free Online Research Papers The first purpose of this paper is to explain (using the given scenario) which of the following two approaches to enhance food safety would be more effective in the long run; a stronger enforcement program by the local health department or a mandatory food safety training requirement for all restaurants employees. In addition I will describe worker behaviors that may promote or compromise food safety. The scenario is there have been several complaints in your community about dirty restaurants. Several restaurants are no longer in business as a result of a television expose. You are the head of a citizen task force and have been asked to make recommendations for improved food safety. The members of the task force are at odds over which approach to food safety best serves the interests of the community. The second purpose of this paper is to describe the recommendations that I would give (using the given scenario) the public to prevent further spread of the West Nile Virus by mosquitoes and describe the recommendations that I would give the community to control the mosquito population in the community. The scenario is, recently there have been numerous reports on increased mosquito bites in several neighborhoods in your community. Your staff has investigated these reports and has found them to be justified. In fact, there have been an increasing number of complaints that mosquitoes are preventing people from staying out in the early mornings and evenings. Additionally, the local health department has informed you that there has been an increase in reported cases of encephalitis and a few deaths related to West Nile Virus. FOOD SAFETY Enforcement programs have always been required to monitor the safety of the public as a whole and there are plenty of statistics that show an increase in compliance with established regulations as a result of enforcement. However, it is my recommendation to implement a mandatory food safety training requirement for all restaurant employees. Education is always comes before enforcement. If restaurant employees are not educated in the proper food handling, preparation, or even proper cleaning procedures in the kitchen and don’t understand why it is important to follow established protocolsthen they are doomed to fail any type of standards enforcement inspections. Most public health departments have limited resources to perform inspections and therefore establishments may only get inspected one to six times per year depending on certain risk factors associated with the number and type of foods served. Even Texas state schools are only mandated to have inspections twice a ye ar for their kitchens and staff. (DSHS 2007) According to Allison Knezevich, a reporter from the Charleston Gazette in West Virginia, who wrote recent article covering restaurant food safety, â€Å"A critical violation is an infraction that is capable of spreading foodborne illness such as chicken salad that are not kept cold enough, on ice or refrigerated or employees who don’t practice adequate hand hygiene.† She also stated, â€Å"Under the current rules, an establishment can have five uncorrectable critical violations before it is shut down.† (Knezevich 2008) Worker behaviors may promote or compromise food safety. Why don’t food handlers wash their hands? Why are raw meats stored over ready-to-eat foods? Why isn’t that food stored at the required temperatures? These questions address just a couple of worker behaviors that compromise food safety. Why do workers do what they do? Often it is because of one’s opinion of the perception of the seriousness of the impact, one’s opinion of the tangible action or confidence in one’s ability to take action. Most workers will state that they didn’t realize the possible dangers or are a victim of the â€Å"it’s not my job† syndrome. The way to influence behaviors to a achieve an acceptable change is to, specify the consequences, increase awareness of a need for change, promote awareness and employ reminder systems, provide training and guidance in performing the action, use verbal reinforcement, and demonstrate desired behaviors. (Jenk ins-McLean, 2004) How does this get accomplished? Demonstrate proper handwashing, use examples of restaurant foodborne outbreaks, involve the staff in mock inspections, and possibly have weekly meetings to re-emphasize key food protection points. When this occurs you will have a restaurant staff that not only exhibits proper worker behavior, but also understands why. Food safety is an extremely important issue and food preparation is even more complex than ever. We don’t just eat meat and potatoes anymore. Today we are eating more poultry, seafood, fruit and vegetables. While this is conducive to a healthier lifestyle it presents greater challenges when it comes to food safety. Mandating educational programs and professional training for restaurant employees is the best way to limit the spread of foodborne illness and will ultimately enhance food safety practices. This in turn will be reflected in a reduction of reportable public health illnesses that occur as a result of improper food preparation or handling and be evident during future enforcement inspections. VECTORS What are vectors? Vectors are insects and rodents that are capable of transmitting an infectious agent by biting, stinging, or depositing the agent either directly on the host or on some object that will come in contact with the host. In some cases, a vector acts as an intermediate host, and other times the vector is simply contaminated. The first thing that I would do is contact the Center of Disease Control (CDC) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). While the local health is involved, the CDC and the EPA have greater resources to provide and may be able to assist in providing recommendations. The EPA website states, â€Å"The CDC, works closely with state and local health departments and provides public information and develops national strategies to reduce the risk of disease transmission.† The EPA also states, â€Å"The EPA (EPA, 2007) The increased mosquito population in the community represents a serious risk as evident by the deaths related to West Nile Virus. In an effort to control and combat the mosquito population I would contact my local vector control agency and give the following recommendations to the community such as: making sure to limit the amount of free standing water around living areas, treat swimming pools and make sure they are continuously circulating, keep rain gutter s on homes unclogged, and keep screen doors closed tight. Next I would establish a community outreach program to educate users on the proper use of insect repellents and have repellents available at no cost to lower income communities to increase compliance. The West Nile Virus is a mosquito-borne disease. People get infected with the virus when they are bitten by an infected mosquito. The mosquitoes become infected with the virus when they feed on infected birds. The infected mosquitoes can spread the virus to humans and animals that they bite. It is important to know that the virus is not spread through the air or by contact. However, there is a â€Å"very† small risk of acquiring the virus through transfusion, transplants or breastfeeding. In an effort to prevent the spread of West Nile, I would recommend to the community to use the same mosquito control measures to reduce the risk of being bit by mosquitoes. In addition, I would inform the community to be on the lookout for dead birds and tree squirrels and report them to local public health departments. This can indicate the presence of the virus and the health departments will want to test the dead animal for the virus. This allows the public health department to use the information for surveillance purposes. Mosquitoes have always been known for their ability to transmit disease to the public. When people think of mosquito bites, they usually just think of the annoyance of scratching the bite area. However, with natural disasters happening more frequently, especially with all of the mid-west flooding, mosquitoes may become a bigger nuisance to the American public. References Jenkins-McLean, T., Skilton, C., Sellers, C. (2004). Engaging Food Service Workers in Behavioral-Change Partnerships. Retrieved on July 30, 2008 from metrokc.gov/health/env_hlth/behavior-change-food.pdf California West Nile Virus Website (2008). West Nile Basics. Retrieved on July 30, 2008 from http://westnile.ca.gov/wnv_faqs_basics.php Department of Health Human Services (1999) Administration Statement on Duplication in Food Safety on Behalf of The Presidents Council on Food Safety. Retrieved on July 30, 2008 from hhs.gov/asl/testify/t990804c.html Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS), (2007). School Safety: Changes in the law Creating a Requirement for Two Annual Inspections. Retrieved on July 30, 2008 from dshs.state.tx.us/schoolsafety/food.shtm United States Environmental Protection Agency (2007). Mosquito Control. Retrieved on July 30, 2008 from epa.gov/pesticides/health/mosquitoes/ Research Papers on Environmental Health and SafetyMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductGenetic EngineeringInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseLifes What IfsNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeOpen Architechture a white paperStandardized Testing

Addictive Behaviours Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Addictive Behaviours - Essay Example There is immense research on the mechanisms of addiction as far as substance abuse and alcohol addiction are concerned. As of now, there is very little research into this aspect with reference to addictive behaviors like gambling. Though many researchers argue similar pathogenesis in all addictive behaviours, research into this perspective is warranted. Acute and chronic stress have been incriminated in the mechanism of development of addiction in all types of addictive behaviours. However, it is yet unclear as to what type and extent of stress, timing of stress and coping strategies against stress cause such negative implications towards ones behaviour. In this essay, mechanisms involved in the development of addictive gambling will be elucidated through review of appropriate literature and with reference to pathophysiology of addiction of substances and alcohol. There are several substances which are addictive in nature. Of these, marijuana is the most widely consumed illicit drug in the world (Maxwell, 2003). According to the statistics on drug abuse published by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare in 2002 (based on National Drug Strategy Household Survey, 2001), marijuana constituted 33.1% of the illicit drugs ever used. It also constituted 12.9% of the drugs recently used. The mean age of initiation was 18.5 years. The consumption of marijuana overseas was most prevalent in New-Zealand (20%) and least in Canada (8.9%). The prevalence in U.K and U.S was same (9%) (Maxwell 2003). Most often it is consumed with other illicit drugs like cocaine (called ‘blunts’) or tobacco. It is taken in mainly for the mental effects like altered state of consciousness, perceptual changes like hallucinations and heightened sensory experiences. The main active chemical having psycho-activity in marijuana is THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocann abinol) (Astolfi et al, 1998). Other than euphoria and hallucinations, marijuana has other effects